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2022
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07
Automobile shock absorber repair and maintenance knowledge tips
In order to quickly attenuate the vibration of the frame and the body, and improve the smoothness and comfort of the car, the car suspension system is generally equipped with shock absorbers. At present, the two-way-acting cylinder shock absorber is widely used in automobiles.
The shock absorber is a vulnerable part during the use of the car. The working quality of the shock absorber will directly affect the smoothness of the car and the life of other parts. Therefore, we should keep the shock absorber in good working condition. The following methods can be used to check whether the shock absorber works well.
Make the car stop after driving 10km on the road with poor road conditions, and touch the shock absorber shell with your hands. If it is not hot enough, it means that there is no resistance inside the shock absorber and the shock absorber does not work. At this time, you can add appropriate lubricating oil and perform the test again. If the shell heats up, there is a lack of oil inside the shock absorber, and enough oil should be added; otherwise, the shock absorber has failed; press the insurance (rest assured) bar firmly, and then Release, if the car has 2 to 3 jumps, it means that the shock absorber is working well; when the car is driving slowly and braking urgently, if the car vibrates violently, there is a problem with the shock absorber; remove the shock absorber and stand it upright, clamp the lower end connecting ring on the vise, and pull and press the damping rod several times. At this time, there should be stable resistance, and the resistance to pull up should be greater than the resistance when pressing down. If the resistance is unstable or there is no resistance, it may be due to lack of oil inside the shock absorber or damage to the valve parts. Repair or replace the parts.
After determining that there is a problem or failure of the shock absorber, check whether the shock absorber leaks oil or has traces of old oil leakage.
The oil seal gasket and sealing gasket are broken and damaged, and the oil storage cylinder head nut is loose. It may be that the oil seal and sealing gasket are damaged and invalid, and new seals should be replaced. If the oil leakage still cannot be eliminated, pull out the shock absorber. If you feel a hairpin or change in weight, check whether the gap between the piston and the cylinder is too large, whether the shock absorber piston connecting rod is bent, and the piston connecting rod Whether there are scratches or pull marks on the surface and cylinder.
If there is no oil leakage from the shock absorber, check the shock absorber connecting pin, connecting rod, connecting hole, rubber, bushing, etc. for damage, deselding, cracking or falling off. If the above inspection is normal, the shock absorber should be further disassembled to check whether the matching gap between the piston and the cylinder is too large, whether the cylinder is strained, whether the valve seal is good, whether the valve clack and the valve seat are tightly attached, and Whether the extension spring of the shock absorber is too soft or broken, repair it by grinding or replacing parts according to the situation.
In addition, the shock absorber will have noise failure in actual use, which is mainly due to the shock absorber colliding with the leaf spring, the frame or the axle, the rubber pad is damaged or falling off, and the shock absorber dust tube is deformed, and the oil If it is caused by insufficient liquid, the cause should be found out and repaired.
After the shock absorber is inspected and repaired, the working performance test should be carried out on a special test bench. When the resistance frequency is 100±1mm, the resistance of the extension stroke and compression stroke should meet the regulations, indicating that the shock absorber is basically normal.
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